Search results for "respiratory muscle"
showing 10 items of 46 documents
Noninvasive assessment of respiratory muscle strength and activity in Myotonic dystrophy
2017
Objective To evaluate sensitivity/specificity of the maximum relaxation rate (MRR) of inspiratory muscles, amplitude of electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), scalene (SCA), parasternal (2ndIS) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles; lung function and respiratory muscle strength in subjects with Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) compared with healthy subjects. Design and methods Quasi-experimental observational study with control group. MRR of inspiratory muscles, lung function and amplitude of the electromyographic activity of SCM, SCA, 2ndIS and RA muscles during maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax) and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (…
Importance of noninvasively measured respiratory muscle overload among the causes of hospital readmission of COPD patients.
2008
To evaluate the influence of respiratory muscle overload and right cardiac overload among the possible risk factors of hospital readmission in a 1-year follow-up of a cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.A total of 112 COPD patients who were admitted consecutively to the hospital for acute exacerbation. At hospital discharge, we evaluated the conventional clinical and functional determinations in addition to the pressure-time index (PTI), which is obtained using the equation PTI = (Pawo/Pimax) x (Ti/Ttot) x 100, where Pawo represents the mean airway pressure measured at the mouth during spontaneous breathing, Pimax is the maximal inspiratory pressure, Ti is the inspiratory time, …
Neuromuscular and Chest Wall Diseases in Pregnancy
2009
Patients with severe respiratory muscle impairment, in particular when vital capa-city is below 60% of the predicted normal values, are often discouraged frombecoming pregnant for fear of respiratory complications and the need for tra-cheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (1). A growing fetus can impairthe functioning of weak diaphragms resulting in lower vital capacity and respira-tory reserve and impair cough function. In addition, there is increased oxygenconsumption and ventilation requirement. Complications in pregnancy and theneed for analgesics and anesthesia during labor and delivery can also cause orexacerbate ventilatory failure.Neuromuscular DiseasesNeuromuscular diseases…
Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals
2020
The study of reduced respiratory muscle strengths in relation to the loss of muscular function associated with ageing is of great interest in the study of sarcopenia in older institutionalized individuals. The present study assesses the association between respiratory muscle parameters and skeletal mass content and strength, and analyzes associations with blood cell counts and biochemical parameters related to protein, lipid, glucose and ion profiles. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed among patients institutionalized in nursing homes. The respiratory muscle function was evaluated by peak expiratory flow, maximal respiratory pressures and spirometry parameters, and skeletal m…
Effects Of Whole Body Vibration In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - A Randomized Controlled Trial
2012
Summary Introduction To date endurance and strength training are established and evidence-based exercise methods in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is an unmet need for further research in new and complementary exercise modalities. Additional whole body vibration training during pulmonary rehabilitation may be such a new approach that has not yet been investigated in patients with COPD. Methods Eighty-two patients (65 ± 9 yrs, FEV 1 pred. 38 ± 11%, female 51%) with COPD in GOLD stage III to IV assessed for a 3-week inpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation program were on top randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: (1) 3 × 3 min of bilateral d…
Oxidative and nitrosative stress in the diaphragm of patients with COPD.
2007
COPD is associated with an increased load on the diaphragm. Since chronic muscle loading results in changes in antioxidant capacity and formation of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, we hypothesized that COPD has a similar effect on the diaphragm, which is related to the severity of COPD. Catalase activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-protein adducts and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT) formation were measured using western blotting. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. We found that catalase activity was approximately 89% higher in the diaphragm of severe COPD patients (FEV1 37+/-5% predicted…
[Respiratory muscle aids during an episode of aspiration in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy].
2005
We report the case of a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient with good bulbar function but severely decreased forced vital capacity (9%) and spontaneous peak cough flow (PCF) (2.35 L/s). The patient needed continuous noninvasive ventilation (NIV) consisting of a volumetric ventilator with a nighttime nasal mask and a daytime mouthpiece. He also required application of manually assisted coughing techniques by insufflation with a resuscitation bag and chest thrust (manually assisted PCF after maximum insufflation capacity of 4.33 L/s). An episode of serious food aspiration was resolved by his main caregiver through NIV and manually assisted coughing. Bronchoscopy under sedation using NIV with …
Effects of Leucine Administration in Sarcopenia: A Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
2020
Treating sarcopenia in older individuals remains a challenge, and nutritional interventions present promising approaches in individuals that perform limited physical exercise. We assessed the efficacy of leucine administration to evaluate whether the regular intake of this essential amino acid can improve muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance and respiratory muscle function in institutionalized older individuals. The study was a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind design in fifty participants aged 65 and over (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03831399). The participants were randomized to a parallel group intervention of 13 weeks&rsquo
Predictors of Ineffective Cough during a Chest Infection in Patients with Stable Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
2007
In patients with neuromuscular diseases, a chest infection is associated with a reduction in respiratory muscle function that may result in decreased cough effectiveness.To determine if a clinical or functional parameter in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a stable condition could predict spontaneous cough ineffectiveness during a respiratory tract infection.Forty consecutive patients with ALS referred to our Respiratory Care Unit were studied during a one-year follow-up.FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC, peak cough flow (PCF), peak velocity time (PVT), maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and bulbar dysfunction evaluation using the Norris scale bulbar subscore (NBS). A t…
Determinants of physical activity in daily life in candidates for lung transplantation
2012
BACKGROUND: Participation in daily physical activity (PA) has never been objectively assessed in candidates for lung transplantation (LTx). The main research questions were: 1) How active are LTx-candidates in daily life? 2) What are determinants of activity behavior before LTX? METHODS: Ninety-six candidates for LTx (diagnosis of COPD or interstitial lung disease; mean age 55 ± 7 years) underwent measurements of PA, pulmonary function, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), muscle force and health-status (SF-36 scale). RESULTS: Patients were markedly inactive (5% of waking hours walking, 26% standing and 69% sedentary). Backward multiple regression identified 6MWD (expressed as % of predicted valu…